This is the first Merttens Lecture on War and Peace. The Merttens Peace Lectures were founded in 1926 by Frederick Merttens of Rugby. They are to be delivered annually and circulated in book form. Alexander summarizes his argument as follows: 'The thesis of my lecture is this: Much of the evil we suffer in the world to-day arises from a false conception of the nature of justice. I want to consider, then, what justice really is; what its value for us in the modern world; and, especially, how it can be applied to our international problems.' (7)